LEGAL GUIDE · PROPERTY, INHERITANCE AND REVENUE RECORDS
Fard, Jamabandi and a registered deed — which document answers which question?
A Fard is an extract from the revenue record, Jamabandi records land-related entries, and a registered deed records a particular instrument. They answer different questions. A buyer or heir should read them together rather than treating whichever document is newest as conclusive ownership proof.
What to examine
Check the deed's parties, share, area and boundaries against the relevant revenue entries. A mismatch may reflect an unrecorded transaction, a subdivision, a clerical error or a substantive dispute. Registration particulars help trace the instrument; the mutation history helps explain how the record changed. Physical occupation still needs its own evidence.
Records to collect
- Current Fard and Jamabandi
- registered instrument
- mutation history
- available field map
Keep complete, dated copies and preserve originals. Note which records are missing and where they may be requested; do not alter a document to fill a gap in the history.
The applicable framework
For Kashmir property, the revenue entry, registered instrument, physical possession and underlying legal right should be examined separately. Different issues can require different authorities or civil relief. A service directory explains available services but does not replace the governing statute, current notification or an order in the particular matter.
A practical next step
Mark each discrepancy and identify the document or event that should explain it. Resolve material differences before describing the title as clear or completing a transaction.
Related guidance
- Challenging a registered gift deed
- Tracing an old registered deed in Kashmir
- A disputed will in Kashmir — which succession rules apply?
- Property, inheritance and revenue records — practice information
- Browse this guide collection
Sources and official resources
- Supreme Court — judgment of 23 April 2025, cancellation and declaration discussion
- India Code — The Specific Relief Act, 1963
- J&K e-Nyaya Sarathi — registration and revenue-record terminology
Prepared 19 October 2026. General legal information. The applicable law, amendments, forum, evidence and time limits require assessment for the individual matter.